Disk Manipulation With FDisk

1. Partition

1.1 Create Partition

Create a 5G partition on /dev/sda9.

  
$ fdisk /dev/sda
> Command:          n
> First sector:     default
> Last sector:      +5G
> Command:          w

$ lsblk -l
NAME    SIZE    TYPE    MOUNTPOINTS
sda9    5G      part
  
  
$ mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda9
  
  
$ mkdir /mnt/test
$ mount /dev/sda9 /mnt/test

$ lsblk -l
NAME    SIZE    TYPE    MOUNTPOINTS
sda9    5G      part    /mnt/test

1.2. Expand Partition

Resize partition /dev/sda9 from 5G to 10G.

  
$ umount /mnt/test
  
   
$ fdisk /dev/sda
> Command:              d
> Partition number:     9
> Command:              w
  
$ fdisk /dev/sda
> Command:              n
> First sector:         default
> Last sector:          +10G
> Command:              w
  
  
$ e2fsck -f /dev/sda9
$ resize2fs /dev/sda9 10G
  
  
$ mount /dev/sda9 /mnt/test

$ lsblk -l
NAME    SIZE    TYPE    MOUNTPOINTS
sda9    10G      part    /mnt/test

1.3. Shrink Partition

Resize partition /dev/sda9 from 10G to 5G.

  
$ umount /mnt/test
  
  
$ e2fsck -f /dev/sda9
$ resize2fs /dev/sda9 5G
  
   
$ fdisk /dev/sda
> Command:              d
> Partition number:     9
> Command:              w
  
  
$ fdisk /dev/sda
> Command:              n
> First sector:         default
> Last sector:          +5G
> Command:              w
  
  
$ e2fsck -f /dev/sda9
  
  
$ mount /dev/sda9 /mnt/test

$ lsblk -l
NAME    SIZE    TYPE    MOUNTPOINTS
sda9    5G      part    /mnt/test

2. Mount

2.1. Mount Permanently

Mount partition /dev/sda9 to directory /mnt/test permanently.

  
$ lsblk -f
NAME    FSTYPE
sda9    ext4
  
  
/dev/sda9   /mnt/test   ext4    defaults    0   0
  
  
$ mount -a

2.2 Mount /root To New Partition

Move /root from /dev/sda4 to /dev/sda8.

  
$ cp -r /root /root_old
  
  
$ mkdir /mnt/sda8
$ mount /dev/sda8 /mnt/root
  
  
$ cp -r /root/* /mnt/root
  
  
/dev/sda8   /root   ext3    defaults    0   0
  
  
$ reboot -h now

References